Day of Liberation of Bulgaria from the Ottoman Dominion
March 3, Monday
Bulgaria had been under Ottoman rule since the end of the 14th century, when the Ottoman Empire captured the territory of the Balkan Peninsula. The Bulgarians were deprived of their own statehood, and many aspects of their culture and religion were subject to repression and restrictions. In the 19th century, many peoples in the Balkans began to fight for liberation from the Ottoman Empire. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878, in which Russia and its allies opposed the Ottoman Empire, was a key moment for Bulgaria. Bulgarians participated in the war on the side of the Russian troops and fought for the independence of their country.
On March 3, 1878, a peace treaty was signed in San Stefano between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. According to its terms, Bulgaria received autonomy within the Ottoman Empire and effectively became an independent state. This treaty became a symbol of Bulgaria's liberation, although its terms were later revised at the Congress of Berlin.
Traditions and Celebrations
Official Ceremonies. Many cities in Bulgaria host ceremonies and wreath-laying ceremonies at the monuments to the liberating heroes. National flags are hung on government buildings.
Parade on Mount Shipka. One of the central events of the holiday is the parade on Mount Shipka, the site of one of the most famous and difficult battles of the Russo-Turkish War, where Bulgarians and Russians fought shoulder to shoulder. At the top of the mountain is a monument dedicated to the fallen soldiers, and thousands of people come to it every year.
Church Services. Services are held in all churches in Bulgaria, where people pray for the peace and prosperity of the country, and also honor the memory of those who died in the struggle for liberation.
Historical reconstructions and cultural events. Historical reconstructions are held in many localities, showing important events of the Russo-Turkish War. Concerts, exhibitions and performances dedicated to the history and culture of Bulgaria are also held.