Culture and Literacy Day
May 24, Saturday
Historical Background
Saints Cyril and Methodius were two Byzantine brothers from Thessaloniki who, in the 9th century, created the Glagolitic alphabet—the first alphabet used to transcribe Old Church Slavonic. Their work laid the foundation for the Cyrillic alphabet, which is used today in Bulgarian and many other Slavic languages. The holiday has been celebrated since the 19th century and became an official public holiday in Bulgaria in 1990.
Significance
Culture and Literacy Day is a deeply symbolic holiday for Bulgarians. It represents:
- The preservation and promotion of the Bulgarian language and alphabet
- The importance of education and literacy
- National pride in Bulgaria’s cultural and historical contributions to the Slavic world
- A celebration of teachers, scholars, writers, and cultural figures
Celebrations
The holiday is marked by a variety of events across the country, including:
- Parades and public processions, especially involving students and educators
- Speeches by public officials and cultural leaders
- Concerts, poetry readings, and exhibitions
- Laying of flowers at monuments dedicated to Saints Cyril and Methodius
Schools and universities often organize special programs, and many Bulgarians take the day to reflect on the value of education and cultural heritage.
Modern Observance
Today, May 24th is one of the most beloved holidays in Bulgaria. It is not only a celebration of the past but also a reaffirmation of the country’s commitment to learning, creativity, and cultural identity. It is a non-working day, allowing people to participate in festivities and honor the legacy of literacy and culture.
Culture and Literacy Day is more than just a historical commemoration—it is a vibrant celebration of the Bulgarian spirit, language, and intellectual tradition. It underscores the enduring importance of education and cultural development in shaping national identity.