Constitution Day

December 6, Saturday

Constitution Day
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Constitution Day in Spain, known as "Día de la Constitución," is a national holiday celebrated annually on December 6th. It commemorates the approval of the Spanish Constitution of 1978, which marked the transition from dictatorship to democracy following the death of General Francisco Franco in 1975. The constitution was ratified by a national referendum on this date, establishing Spain as a parliamentary monarchy and guaranteeing a wide range of civil liberties and democratic rights.

Historical Background
After Franco's regime, Spain underwent a period known as the Spanish Transition ("La Transición Española"), during which political reforms were implemented to restore democracy. The 1978 Constitution was a key milestone in this process. Drafted by a committee representing a broad political spectrum, the constitution was designed to unite the country and prevent the return of authoritarian rule. It also recognized the autonomy of Spain’s various regions, laying the foundation for the current decentralized system of government.

How It Is Celebrated
Constitution Day is a public holiday across Spain, and most businesses, schools, and government offices are closed. While it is not typically associated with large-scale festivities, it is a day of reflection and national pride. The Spanish Parliament (Cortes Generales) often holds a special session to commemorate the occasion, and political leaders may give speeches highlighting the importance of democratic values and constitutional rights.

Significance
The holiday serves as a reminder of Spain’s democratic achievements and the importance of maintaining constitutional order. It is especially significant in the context of Spain’s diverse regional identities, as the constitution provides a legal framework for the coexistence of different cultures and languages within a unified state.

Public Perception
Public opinion about Constitution Day can vary. While many Spaniards view it as a symbol of democratic progress, others, particularly in regions with strong independence movements like Catalonia and the Basque Country, may see it as a reminder of unresolved political tensions. Nonetheless, the day remains a cornerstone of Spain’s modern political identity.

Constitution Day

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Constitution Day in other years

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