Midsummer Eve
June 20, Friday
Historical significance
The holiday has deep roots in pagan and pre-Christian traditions. In different cultures, the summer solstice symbolized the power of the sun and the beginning of the harvest period. People lit bonfires, held ceremonies and rituals to honor the sun, strengthen health, and ensure prosperity.
Traditions in different countries
Sweden
In Sweden this holiday is called Midsommar. It is celebrated by raising the maypole (midsommarstång), dancing around it, singing folk songs, and gathering flowers and herbs. Midsommar is one of the most beloved holidays for Swedes, often celebrated with picnics and outdoor feasts.
Finland
Here the holiday is called Juhannus. People light bonfires on the shores of lakes, hold parties, and enjoy nature. Traditionally Juhannus is a time of vacation and rest.
Estonia and Latvia
In these countries the holiday is called Jaanipäev and Līgo respectively. People gather in villages and meadows, dance, sing folk songs, and jump over bonfires. It is believed this helps drive away evil spirits and brings good luck.
Poland
The holiday is called Noc Kupały or Sobótka. On the night of the summer solstice, girls would float wreaths on the water, and young men tried to catch them. Bonfires were also lit and fertility rituals were performed.
Modern significance
Today Midsummer Eve is celebrated as a day of nature, unity with the surrounding world, and cultural heritage. Many countries preserve ancient traditions, including dances, bonfires, and folk songs, but add modern elements: festivals, concerts, and outdoor parties. The holiday has also become an occasion for meeting friends and family, spending time in nature, and enjoying the long daylight.