Independence Day
28 - July 29, Monday – Tuesday
Date of Celebration
Fiestas Patrias is celebrated over two days:
- July 28: Marks the day in 1821 when General José de San Martín proclaimed Peru's independence in Lima.
- July 29: Honors the Armed Forces and the National Police of Peru.
Historical Background
Peru was under Spanish colonial rule for nearly 300 years. The independence movement gained momentum in the early 19th century, influenced by other Latin American revolutions. On July 28, 1821, General José de San Martín declared Peru's independence in Lima's Plaza Mayor, marking a pivotal moment in the nation's history.
Traditional Celebrations
The holiday is marked by a variety of patriotic and cultural events, including:
- Military parades and civic ceremonies
- Flag-raising ceremonies across the country
- Fireworks displays
- Traditional music and dance performances
- Special masses, including the "Te Deum" held in Lima and attended by the President
Presidential Address
On July 28, the President of Peru delivers an annual address to the nation, known as the "Mensaje a la Nación." This speech outlines the state of the country and the government's plans for the future.
Public Participation
Peruvians celebrate with family gatherings, festive meals, and public events. Streets and homes are decorated with the national colors—red and white—and the Peruvian flag is prominently displayed.
Food and Festivities
Traditional Peruvian dishes are enjoyed during the holiday, such as:
- Ceviche
- Anticuchos (grilled meat skewers)
- Lomo saltado (stir-fried beef)
- Pisco sour (national cocktail)
Tourism and Travel
Fiestas Patrias is a peak travel time within Peru. Many locals take advantage of the public holidays to visit family or explore the country. Tourist destinations like Cusco, Arequipa, and the Amazon region see increased activity during this period.
Fiestas Patrias is more than just a celebration of independence—it is a time for Peruvians to reflect on their national identity, honor their heritage, and express pride in their culture and history.