Independence Day
November 11, Tuesday
Historical Context
By the end of the 19th century, the Polish people continued to resist foreign rule. Ideas of national identity, culture, and language persisted. During World War I, political circumstances changed: the great powers weakened, and the emergence of new political forces allowed Poles to strengthen their struggle for independence.
On November 11, 1918, Józef Piłsudski, a key figure in Poland’s independence, was recognized as the head of state. This date symbolizes the rebirth of Poland as a sovereign country.
The Role of Józef Piłsudski
Józef Piłsudski is regarded as the “father of Polish independence.” He:
* led Polish armed formations
* organized the political movement for independence
* became the head of state and military leader after 1918
His activities contributed to the unification of regions and laid the foundation for the future Polish statehood.
Traditions of Celebration
Independence Day is observed as an official public holiday. Main forms of celebration include:
* Wreath-laying ceremonies at monuments to national heroes
* Military parades, especially in Warsaw
* Patriotic concerts and choir performances
* School events teaching children about Poland’s role in European history
* “Independence Run” — a mass sporting marathon popular in major cities
Symbols of the Holiday
The main national symbols associated with the holiday:
* The white and red flag as a sign of Polish statehood
* The coat of arms with the white eagle
* Patriotic songs, particularly “Dąbrowski’s Mazurka,” Poland’s national anthem
Modern Significance
Polish Independence Day emphasizes the importance of preserving freedom, national unity, and historical memory. For many Poles, it is a day to honor those who fought for the country’s statehood and identity. The holiday also serves as a reminder of Poland’s difficult historical path and the strength of its culture, which helped the nation survive periods without its own state.
The day combines respect for the past with confidence in the future, remaining an important part of Polish national tradition.
Independence Day in other years
- 2021 November 11, Thursday
- 2022 November 11, Friday
- 2023 November 11, Saturday
- 2024 November 11, Monday
- 2026 November 11, Wednesday