Baba Marta Day
March 1, Friday
Historical context
According to Bulgarian beliefs, Baba Marta is a mythical old woman who personifies spring. Her image is associated with changes in the weather: she can be both kind and sunny, and capricious and cold. The holiday symbolizes hope for a good harvest and health, and celebrates the renewal of nature after winter sleep.
Traditions and rituals
Martenitsy. One of the most famous customs associated with this holiday is the exchange of martenitsy. Martenitsa is a string made of red and white threads that is tied around the wrist or worn on clothing. White symbolizes purity and health, and red symbolizes life and strength. People give each other martenitsas as a sign of friendship and a wish for health. This custom also symbolizes the arrival of spring and health.
Holiday wishes. On this day, people congratulate each other, wishing health and happiness. There are many congratulatory poems and songs that are heard at this time.
Weather and nature. It is believed that the weather on Baba Marta's Day predicts what kind of spring it will be. People carefully observe nature to understand how the seasons will change.
Traditional dishes. On this day, special dishes are also prepared, such as sheep meat, cottage cheese, and sometimes sweets. These treats are shared with family and friends, which strengthens communication and traditions.
Nature rites. In some regions, rituals related to agriculture and nature are held. People may light bonfires to drive away winter and welcome spring.