Raja Parba
14 - June 16, Saturday – Monday
Odisha
Significance of the Festival
Raja Parba is deeply rooted in agrarian culture and is symbolic of the Earth’s fertility. It is believed that during this time, the Earth undergoes a menstruation cycle, and just like women are given rest during their periods, the Earth is also allowed to rest. This belief is linked to the worship of the Earth goddess, Bhudevi.
Duration and Days
The festival is celebrated over three main days, with a fourth day sometimes included:
- Pahili Raja: The first day, marking the beginning of the festival.
- Raja Sankranti: The second day, also known as Mithuna Sankranti, when the sun enters the zodiac sign of Mithuna (Gemini).
- Basi Raja: The third day, meaning “the day after Raja.”
- Vasumati Snana (optional fourth day): On this day, the bathing of the Earth goddess is symbolically performed.
Customs and Traditions
During Raja Parba, several customs are observed:
- Girls and women wear new clothes, apply alata (a red dye) on their feet, and enjoy swings hung from trees.
- People refrain from ploughing fields or engaging in any agricultural work, allowing the Earth to rest.
- Traditional games, songs, and dances are performed, especially by young girls.
- Special foods are prepared, such as pithas (rice cakes), poda pitha, and other delicacies.
Cultural Importance
Raja Parba is not only a celebration of nature and agriculture but also a tribute to womanhood. It emphasizes the importance of rest and rejuvenation, both for the Earth and for women. The festival fosters community bonding and is a time of joy and festivity across Odisha.