Flag Day
June 7, Saturday
Historical Background
The date marks the anniversary of the Battle of Arica in 1880, during which Colonel Francisco Bolognesi and his troops defended the Peruvian garrison at the Morro de Arica against Chilean forces. Despite being outnumbered, Bolognesi famously declared he would fight "hasta quemar el último cartucho" ("until the last cartridge is fired"). His heroic stand became a symbol of national pride and sacrifice.
Significance of the Flag
The Peruvian flag, with its red and white vertical stripes, represents the blood shed for independence (red) and peace (white). On Flag Day, the flag is celebrated as a powerful emblem of national identity and unity.
How It Is Celebrated
Flag Day is not a public holiday with a day off, but it is widely observed with patriotic ceremonies and events. Common activities include:
- School and military parades featuring the national flag
- Flag-raising ceremonies across the country
- Speeches and tributes to national heroes, especially Francisco Bolognesi
- Educational programs in schools about the history and symbolism of the flag
Oath to the Flag
One of the most important traditions on this day is the "Juramento a la Bandera" (Oath to the Flag), where military personnel and students pledge allegiance to the national flag. This solemn ceremony reinforces national values and pride.