May Revolution
May 25, Sunday
Historical Background
The revolution took place in May 1810 in Buenos Aires, which was then part of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata under Spanish control. At the time, Spain was weakened due to the Napoleonic Wars and the abdication of King Ferdinand VII, creating a power vacuum in its colonies.
Key Events of the May Revolution
The revolution unfolded over the course of a week, known as the "Semana de Mayo" (May Week), from May 18 to May 25. During this time, local leaders and citizens in Buenos Aires challenged the authority of the Spanish viceroy, Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros.
Some key events include:
- The formation of open town meetings (cabildos abiertos) to discuss the political situation.
- The demand for the resignation of the viceroy.
- The establishment of the Primera Junta (First Junta) on May 25, 1810, as the first local government not appointed by the Spanish Crown.
Significance of the May Revolution
The May Revolution is considered the starting point of the Argentine War of Independence, which lasted until 1818. Although full independence was not declared until July 9, 1816, the events of May 1810 laid the groundwork for the eventual break from Spain.
How It Is Celebrated
May 25 is a national holiday in Argentina, celebrated with patriotic displays and cultural events. Common forms of celebration include:
- Military parades and civic ceremonies.
- School activities and historical reenactments.
- Traditional foods such as locro (a hearty stew), pastelitos (fried pastries), and churros.