Occupation of the Latvian Republic Day
June 17, Tuesday
Historical Background
On June 17, 1940, Soviet troops entered Latvia, effectively beginning the occupation of the country by the Soviet Union. This followed the signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939, which included secret protocols dividing Eastern Europe into spheres of influence. Latvia fell into the Soviet sphere, and the occupation led to the loss of Latvian independence for over 50 years.
Significance
The day serves as a reminder of the loss of Latvian sovereignty and the hardships endured during the Soviet era, including mass deportations, political repression, and the suppression of Latvian culture and identity. It is a time for reflection on the importance of freedom, democracy, and national independence.
Commemorative Events
Each year, various events are held across Latvia to mark the occasion:
- Wreath-laying ceremonies at monuments and memorials dedicated to victims of occupation and repression
- Speeches by government officials and historians
- Exhibitions and educational programs in schools and museums
- Public discussions and media broadcasts about the historical events of 1940 and their consequences
Public Awareness
While not a festive holiday, Occupation of the Latvian Republic Day plays an important role in Latvian historical memory. It is part of a broader effort to educate the public, especially younger generations, about Latvia’s 20th-century history and the value of national independence.